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geändert / updated: 17/04/08

 

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(Social justice; 04-02; p.2)

Pre-modern concepts

Ancient and thinkers of the middle-ages thought of humans and society quite different from today. So, there are only a few similarities between notions of justice of e.g. Aristotle or Thomas Aquinas and modern ones. Not before the Enlightenment and the French Revolution connected to that a concept has been established that provides individuals with rights stemming from its very nature as human beings.

In the course of the nineteenth century questions of social justice became relevant for ever more people in their every-day life: industrialisation, at first scarcely regulated, lead to the impoverishment of those formerly working for themselves to make a living.
Such, the "social question" had been raised and legitimising answers had to be found. Social sciences just emerged as independent disciplines, the "discovery of society" (a chapter title in K. Polanyi: The great transformation, New York et al. 1944) had just begun.
Consequently, people asked those, who had comforted individuals as well as legitimised power for centuries: the Christian churches, in Germany divided into a protestant majority and a roman-catholic minority (representing a share of the population of about one third).
(read on here)

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 © Michael Gerke

 
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